Advanced Imaging in Interventional Cardiology

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2026 | Volume 2 | Issue 1 | Page 34-40

1) Dr. Sami Khatoon, Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, AEHIMS-UAE

2) Dr. Asli Jana Parveen, Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, DMC-UAE

(Corresponding Author)

Abstract

The landscape of interventional cardiology is undergoing a profound transformation, moving away from the limitations of two-dimensional luminography toward high-resolution, multi-modal intravascular and extra-cardiac imaging. While coronary angiography has remained the traditional gold standard for decades, it often fails to provide critical data regarding plaque morphology, vessel wall characteristics, and physiological significance. This chapter explores the integration of "NextGen" imaging modalities that have redefined procedural precision and patient outcomes. We provide a comprehensive analysis of Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), detailing their roles in optimizing stent expansion, identifying vulnerable plaques, and reducing the incidence of stent thrombosis and restenosis. Furthermore, the discussion extends to the emergence of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for lipid core detection and the revolutionary role of CT-derived Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR-CT) in non-invasive procedural planning. The chapter also highlights the synergy between real-time 3D Echocardiography and Fluoroscopy Fusion (Echo-Navigator), which has become indispensable for complex structural heart interventions such as TAVR and mitral repairs. Finally, we examine the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in automated image segmentation and the potential of Augmented Reality (AR) to provide surgeons with a holographic "3D-roadmap" during interventions. By synthesizing the latest clinical evidence and technological trends, this chapter establishes that advanced imaging is no longer an optional adjunct but a fundamental pillar of modern, precision-guided cardiac care.

Keyword: Angio, Graphy, Imaging, Advanced, Radiology